EACVI Handbook of Cardiovascular CT (European Society of Cardiology Series)

Since its clinical introduction almost 20 years ago, cardiac CT has been embraced as an indispensable noninvasive cardiac imaging modality and an important first-line test for coronary artery disease. Beyond coronary artery disease, the potential of cardiac CT has become evident for diagnosis and guidance of treatment in a variety of other cardiac pathologies, including valvular disease, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias, endocarditis, cardiac masses, cardiomyopathies, and others.
The European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) has declared as one of their foremost priorities to facilitate education and training in cardiovascular CT through teaching courses, congresses, and a structured certification program. This handbook represents an important step towards dissemination of skills and knowledge in cardiovascular CT. It is a concise and practical companion, to benefit students, trainees or advanced users; cardiologists, radiologists, cardiac surgeons or technicians, in their everyday practice.
Four broad sections cover technical aspects and physical background, coronary indications (e. g. coronary CT angiography, atherosclerosis imaging, stents & bypasses, functional CT imaging, etc.), non-coronary indications (CT for valve disease, infective endocarditis, CT of the left atrium, congenital heart disease, cardiac masses, extracardiac findings, etc.), and finally training and competence in cardiac CT. The handbook features short chapters, enriched with illustrations, tables and condensed summaries, facilitating rapid and intuitive access.

• Concise - Short text, easy reading, ideal as an every day companion
• Structured - 4 sections with 40 chapters, easy access to desired content
• Compact - Small size, compact, fits in lab coat pocket
• Highly illustrated - Key information visualized in figures, tables, and graphs
• Tips and tricks - included to improve CT imaging

1. Technical background, patient preparation, quality/safety
1. 1: Key hardware components, Marcel van Straten, Sebastian Vandermolen, and Francesca Pugliese
1. 2: Technical specifications, Ulrike Haberland and Thomas Allmendinger
1. 3: Physical background of radiation, Alexia Rossi, Martina DeKnegt, and Jens Hove
1. 4: Patient selection and preparation, Ronak Rajani and Mihaly Karolyi
1. 5: Scanner setup and image acquisition protocols, Ulrike Haberland, Thomas Allmendinger, and Francesca Pugliese
1. 6: Image reconstruction, post-processing and analysis, Jamal Khan, Sarah Moharem-Elgamal, and Francesca Pugliese
1. 7: Radiation exposure, Anna Beattie and Francesca Pugliese
1. 8: Image artifacts, Oliver Gaemperli
1. 9: Tips and tricks to improve image quality, Mohamed Marwan and Mihaly Karolyi
1. 10: Contrast agents and injection protocols, Casper Mihl and Bibi Martens
1. 11: Challenging scenarios, Ricardo Budde, Sarah Moharem-Elgamal, and Francesca Pugliese
2. Indications: Coronary artery disease
2. 1: Coronary artery calcium Imaging, Martin Willemink
2. 2: Coronary CT angiography interpretation and reporting, Balint Szilveszter, Csilla Celeng, Richard Takx, and Pál Maurovich-Horvat
2. 3: Patients with chronic coronary syndrome, Tessa Genders
2. 4: CT-based fractional flow reserve, Domenico Mastrodicasa
2. 5: Myocardial perfusion and scar imaging, Koen Nieman and Gianluca Pontone
2. 6: Atherosclerotic plaque imaging, Marton Kolossvary
2. 7: Stents and bypass grafts, Sujana Balla and Koen Nieman
2. 8: Coronary anomalies, Andrew Chang, Ian Rogers, and Koen Nieman
2. 9: Patients with acute coronary syndrome, Admir Dedic and Murat Arslan
2. 10: Graft vasculopathy in transplanted hearts, Andrea Bartykowszki
3. Non-CAD indications
3. 1: Ventricular dimensions and function, Richard Takx and Csilla Celeng
3. 2: Cardiac reference values, Giuseppe Muscogiuri
3. 3: Aortic valve disease, Giuseppe Muscogiuri
3. 4: Preprocedural aortic valve assessment, Marco Guglielmo
3. 5: Mitral valve disease, Marco Guglielmo
3. 6: Postprocedural valve assessment, Andrea Baggiano
3. 7: Left atrium and pulmonary veins, Marco Guglielmo
3. 8: Infective endocarditis, Andrea Baggiano
3. 9: Great thoracic vessels, Michael Messerli
3. 10: Adult congenital heart disease, Andreas Giannopoulos
3. 11: Cardiomyopathies, Dominik Benz
3. 12: Cardiac masses, Andreas Giannopoulos
3. 13: Pericardial disease, Sarah Moharem
3. 14: Implanted cardiac devices, Dominik Benz
3. 15: Extracardiac findings, Michael Messerli
3. 16: Artificial intelligence, Marton Kolossvary
4. Training and competence in cardiac CT
4. 1: EACVI certification standards in Cardiac CT, Andrea Baggiano

Edited by Oliver Gaemperli, Professor of Cardiology, HeartClinic Zurich AG, Hirslanden Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland, Pál Maurovich- Horvat, Professor of Cardiology and Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary, Koen Nieman, Professor in Cardiovascular Medicine and Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Radiology, Stanford, CA, USA, Gianluca Pontone, Director of Cardiovascular Imaging Department, Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy, and Francesca Pugliese, Reader in Radiology (HCC) and Consultant in Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, Queen Mary University of London and St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK

Prof Gaemperli studied medicine at the University of Zurich and graduated in 2003. From 2003 to 2009 he underwent a clinical fellowship in internal medicine and cardiology at the University Hospital Zurich. From 2009 to 2010, Prof. Gaemperli joined the MRC Cyclotron Unit of the Hammersmith Hospital in London, UK for a 2-year research fellowship in cardiac PET, MRI and CT-Imaging. After this, he returned to the University Hospital Zurich where he assummed a Consultant Position and was trained in Interventional Cardiology. In 2016, he was awarded with the Sheikh Khalifa Professorship for Interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Imaging. His main fields of interest are Cardiac Imaging and interventional cardiology. Since 2018, Prof. Gaemperli holds a position as consultant interventional cardiologist and CEO of the HeartClinic Hirslanden Zurich.

Pál Maurovich-Horvat MD PhD MPH, Associate Professor of Cardiology and Radiology, director of the Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group at the Semmelweis University in Budapest, Hungary. He is the president of the Hungarian Association of Cardiovascular Imaging, and board member of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging of the European Society of Cardiology Dr. Maurovich-Horvat graduated from the Semmelweis University in 2006, which was was followed by a three-year long advanced cardiovascular imaging research fellowship at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Dr. Maurovich-Horvat studied clinical effectiveness at the Harvard University, School of Public Health, where he graduated in 2012. His research interest focuses on the development of non-invasive diagnostic imaging strategies to identify high-risk patients and vulnerable coronary plaques.

Dr Nieman is a cardiologist and professor in the departments of medicine/cardiovascular and radiology. He investigates advanced cardiac imaging techniques. He is currently the president of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Dr Nieman was born in the Netherlands, obtained his medical degree at the Radboud University in Nijmegen (1998), and completed his cardiology training at the Erasmus University Medical Center in Rotterdam (2008). His research in cardiac CT at the Erasmus University resulted in a PhD degree in 2003. In 2004 he performed an imaging fellowship at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Harvard Medical School) in Boston, MA. Dr Nieman joined the staff of the department of cardiology and radiology at the Erasmus University Medical Center in 2008, where he was scientific director of the cardiac CT and MRI group and supervised the intensive cardiac care unit until he joined the staff at Stanford University.

Dr Gianluca Pontone was graduated with honors in medicine in 1997 followed by post-graduate degree in cardiology and radiology and PhD in Clinical Methodology in 2001, 2006 and 2014 at University of Milan, Italy. He is currently director of Cardiovascular Imaging Department of Centro Cardiologico Monzino, a fully dedicated research hospital to cardiovascular disease where the University of Milan is based. He is author of more than 300 indexed articles on international journal, several scientific books, more than 500 scientific abstracts and lectures at national and international meetings in the field of cardiovascular imaging. He is currently in the board member of SCCT, EACVI, chairman of CT certification committee of European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), past chairman of working group of cardiac magnetic resonance of Italian society of cardiology and deputy chairman of working group of cardiac computed tomography of Italian society of Cardiology.

Francesca Pugliese qualified from Medical School of University of Genoa in 2000 and was awarded her certificate of completion of speciality training in 2004. She then joined the non-invasive cardiac imaging group at the Thoraxcentre/Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam and received her PhD with honors in 2008. Since then she has worked for the Royal Brompton hospital and in the Cardiology group of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, at Hammersmith Hospital, in cardiovascular hybrid imaging (PET/CT). After contributing to the clinical service of the Essex Cardiothoracic Centre in Essex in 2009, she joined the Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging and the NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit at Barts as a Senior Clinical Lecturer in May 2010.

Contributors:

Thomas Allmendinger - Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany
Murat Arslan - Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Andrea Baggiano - Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Sujana Balla - University of California San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA
Andrea Bartykowszki - Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Anna Beattie - The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Dominik C. Benz - University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Ricardo Budde - Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Csilla Celeng - Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
Andrew Chang - Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Admir Dedic - Northwest Clinics, Department of Cardiology, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
Oliver Gaemperli - HeartClinic Zurich AG, Hirslanden Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
Tessa Genders - Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Andreas A. Giannopoulos - Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich and Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Marco Guglielmo - Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Ulrike Haberland - Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Computed Tomography, Forchheim, Germany
Jens D. Hove - Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Mihály Károlyi - Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Jamal Khan - Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals of Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
Martina de Knegt - Barts Heart Centre, Centre for Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
Márton Kolossváry - Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Bibi Martens - Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
Mohamed Marwan - Cardiology Department, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
Domenico Mastrodicasa - Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Center for Academic Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Pál Maurovich- Horvat - Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
Michael Messerli - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Casper Mihl - Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, and Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
Sarah Moharem- Elgamal - Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK; National Heart Institute, Giza, Egypt
Giuseppe Muscogiuri - School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano- Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
Koen Nieman - Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Radiology, Stanford, CA, USA
Gianluca Pontone - Department of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Francesca Pugliese - Queen Mary University of London and St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
Ronak Rajani - Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
Ian Rogers - Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Alexia Rossi - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich; and Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Marcel van Straten - Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Bálint Szilveszter - Semmelweis University Heart and Vascular Center, Budapest, Hungary
Richard A. P. Takx - Amsterdam University Medical Center, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Sebastian Vandermolen - Barts Heart Centre, London, UK
Martin Willemink - Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stanford, CA, USA

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