Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine

The consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists and others who treat cancer patients, Cancer Medicine 8 covers the ever-widening sphere of current cancer knowledge and clinical practice.

In this new 8th edition an outstanding editorial team from world-renowned medical centers continues to hone the leading edge forged in previous editions, with timely information on biology, immunology, etiology, epidemiology, prevention, screening, pathology, imaging and therapy.

The book is a testament to the editorial panel?s creed that innovative, comprehensive, multidisciplinary treatment of cancer patients must be grounded in a fundamental understanding of cancer biology. Cancer Medicine 8 does a superb job of bringing scientific principles into clinical practice. This text is the ultimate resource of new information providing the basis for better informed cancer therapy choices.

Cancer Medicine 8 features hundreds of 4-color illustrations, photographs, tables, graphs and algorithms that make this text an invaluable clinical tool in recognizing characteristic appearances of both patient and tissue.

The 137 tightly focused chapters are organized into 5 sections:

I: Cardinal Manifestations of Cancer
II: Scientific Foundations of Cancer
III: Principles of Cancer Diagnosis
IV: Principles of Therapeutic Modalities
V: Principles of Multidisciplinary Management

Major Revisions:

Chapter 6: Oncogenes An entire section is devoted to oncogenes like kit, Ret, Braf, Akt genes and the new drugs that specifically target them. This chapter not only provides a list of these new therapies but also insight as to how they target the oncogenes and their mutations, as well as therapy response and efficacy.
Chapter 11: Tumor Angiogenesis This chapter provides a wealth of new data and understanding of the mechanisms of angiogenesis and how it contributes to the malignancy of various cancers The Clinical Advancement section provides an extensive summary of new trials investigating numerous novel angiogenesis agents
Chapter 33: Chemoprevention This chapter also provides a considerable amount of new information for a broad range of clinical trials such as the HPV vaccine trial Future, Select, Star, Approve and PreSAP. The rationales for these trials are discussed and resulting data from the completed trials are presented.
Chapter 55: Cytokines Research on cytokines is another area that is exploding in magnitude. This chapter presents a wealth of new information on promising new therapeutic agents.There is also updated information on the therapeutic usage of currently available agents such as hemotopoietic growth factors (HGF), erythropoietin and thromobopoietic agents.
Chapter 56: Monoclonal Serotherapy A considerable amount of research has been done in the past few years on therapeutic and targeted agents in cancer therapy. Updated information and data is provided from recent trials for therapies previously discussed in Cancer Medicine edition 7 covering therapeutic agents and targeted toxins.
Chapter 77: Neoplasms of the Head and Neck There is a discussion of changes in treatment methods for certain cancers such as the recent shift from surgery to combined chemotherapy with radiotherapy for tonsillar cancer, nasal and paranasal sinuses cancers and laryngeal cancer.
Chapter 78: Lung Cancer Advances in diagnostic techniques are described such as ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration or electromagnetic navigation diagnostic bronchoscopy. Video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) discussion is updated. New sections are devoted to prognostic and predictive biomarkers.


About the authors


Waun Ki Hong, MD Division Head Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center
Donald W. Kufe, MD Professor of Medicine Dana Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School

Robert C. Bast Jr, MD Vice President for Translation Research MD Anderson Cancer Center

William Hait, MD, PhD Senior VP and Worldwide Head Ortho Biotech Oncology Research & Development (ORD), Johnson & Johnson Pharmceutical Research & Development

Raphael E. Pollock, MD, PhD Head of the Division of Surgery, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Surgical Oncology, Senator A. M. Aiken, Jr. Distinguished Chair M. D. Anderson Cancer Center

Ralph R. Weichselbaum, MD Daniel K. Ludwig Professor Chair Dept of Radiology and Cellular Oncology University of Chicago Hospital Director Chicago Tumor Institute

James F. Holland, MD, ScD (hc) Director Emeritus, Derald H. Ruttenberg Cancer Center Mount Sinai School of Medicine

Emil Frei, III, MD Physician in Chief Emeritus Dana Farber Cancer Institute






Table of contents

PART I: CARDINAL MANIFESTATIONS OF CANCER

1: Cardinal Manifestations of Cancer James F. Holland, Emil Frei, III, Waun Ki Hong, Donald Kufe, Robert Bast, William Hait, Raphael Pollock, Ralph Weichselbaum

PART II: SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS OF CANCER

SECTION 1: CANCER BIOLOGY

2: Molecular Biology, Genomics, and Proteomic, and Mouse Models of Human Cancer Kornelia Polyak, Matthew Meyerson, William Hahn, David Tuveson
3: Cell Proliferation and Differentiation Michael Andreeff, David W. Goodrich, H. Phillip Koeffler
4: Apoptosis and Cancer John Reed
5: Growth Factors and Signal Transduction in Cancer Stuart A. Aaronson, Luca Grumolato
6: Oncogenes Marco A. Pierotti, Milo Frattini, Gabriella Sozzi, Carlo M. Croce
7: Tumor Supressor Genes Gen-Ho Park, Bert Vogelstein, David Cosgrove
8: Genomic Alterations and Chromosomal Abberations in Human Cancer Jeff Trent, Kevin M. Brown, Jonathan J. Keats, Aleksandar Sekulic, Cheryl L. Willman
9: Biochemistry of Cancer Raymond W. Ruddon, Donald W. Kufe
10: Invasion and Metastases Elise C. Kohn
11: Tumor Angiogenesis John Heymach, Judah Folkman, Raghu Kalluri
12: Epigenetics (to include Novel Treatment) Steve Baylin

SECTION 2: CANCER IMMUNOLOGY

13: Cancer Immunotherapy Karl S Peggs, Sergio A Quezada, Padmanee Sharma, James P Allison

SECTION 3: CANCER ETIOLOGY

14: Genetic Predisposition to Cancer Henry T. Lynch, Vadana Gupta, Marcia S. Brose
15: Chemical Carcinogenesis Ainsley Weston, Curtis C. Harris
16: Hormones and the Etiology of Cancer Leslie Bernstein, C. Leigh Pearce, Iona Cheng, Katherine DeLellis Henderson
17: Ionizing Radiation David J. Grdina
18: Ultraviolet Radiation Carcinogenesis James E. Cleaver, David L. Mitchell
19: Inflammation, Trauma and Physical Agents in Cancer Debbie Laskin
20: RNA Tumor Viruses, Robert Gallo, Marvin S. Reitz
21: Herpesviruses Jeffrey I. Cohen
22: Papillomaviruses and Cervical Neoplasia Christopher P. Crum, Catherine McLachlin
23: Hepatitis Viruses Max W. Sung, Swan N. Thung
24: Parasites Piero Mustacchi

SECTION 4: TRANSLATIONAL CANCER MEDICINE

25: Molecular Imaging Juri Gerlovani
26: Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Bryan T. Hennessy, Robert C. Bast, Jr., Gordon B. Mills
27: Personalized Medicine in Oncology Drug Development William N. Hait, Nicolas Dracopoli, Steve Heller, Chris H. Takimoto
28: Genomic and Systems Biology Joseph W. Gray
29: Cancer Nanotechnology Mauro Ferrari

SECTION 5: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY, PREVENTION and SCREENING

30: Cancer Epidemiology Michael J. Thun
31: Prevention of Tobacco-Related Products Steve Hecht, Dorothy Hatsukami
32: Nutrition in the Etiology and Prevention of Cancer Steven K. Clinton
33: Chemoprevention of Cancer Scott M. Lippman, Waun Ki Hong
34: Cancer Screening and Early Detection Robert A. Smith, Stephen W. Duffy, Otis W. Brawley

SECTION 6: CLINICAL TRIALS AND OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT

35: Statistical Innovations in Cancer Research Don Berry
36: Outcomes Assessment James A. Talcott

PART III: PRINCIPLES OF CANCER DIAGNOSIS

SECTION 7: CANCER PATHOLOGY

37: Principles of Cancer Pathology Stan Hamilton

SECTION 8: IMAGING

38: Principles of Imaging Edward F. Patz, Jr.
39: Interventional Radiology for the Cancer Patient Michael Wallace, Rony Avritscher

PART IV: PRINCIPLES OF THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES

SECTION 9: SURGICAL ONCOLOGY

40: Principles of Surgical Oncology Raphael E. Pollock, Michael A. Choti, Donald L. Morton

SECTION 10: RADIATION ONCOLOGY

41: Principles of Radiation Oncology Joseph K. Salama, Mark W. Dewhirst, Ralph R. Weichselbaum

SECTION 11: MEDICAL ONCOLOGY

42: Principles of Medical Oncology William N. Hait, MD, , PhD James F. Holland, MD, ScD (hc) Emil Frei III, MD Donald W. Kufe, MD Robert C. Bast Jr, MD Waun Ki Hong, MD

SECTION 12: CHEMOTHERAPY

43: Cytokinetics Larry Norton, Theresa Ann Gilewski
44: Principles of Dose, Schedule, and Combination Chemotherapy Joseph P. Eder, William Hait
45: Preclinical and Early Clinical Development of New Anticancer Agents Daniel D. Von Hoff, Axel Hanuske
46: Pharmacology William Plunkett, Mark Ratain
47: Drug Resistance and Its Clinical Circumvention Jeffrey Moscow, Erasmus Schneider, Branimir I. Sikic, Charles S. Morrow, Kenneth H. Cowan

SECTION 13: CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS

48: Folate Antagonists Joseph R. Bertino, Barton A. Kamen, Peter D. Cole
49: Pyrimidine and Purine Antimetabolites Giuseppe Pizzorno, Sunil Sharma, Yung-Chi Cheng
50: Alkylating Agents and Platinum Antitumor Compounds Michael Colvin
51: Drugs that Target DNA Topoisomerases William N. Hait, Eric H. Rubin
52: Microtubule-Targeting Natural Products Eric Rowinsky

SECTION 14: BIOTHERAPEUTICS

53: Interferons Ernest C. Borden
54: Cytokines and Hematopoietic Growth FactorsSuhendan Ekmekcioglu, Razelle Kurzrock, Elizabeth A. Grimm
55: Monoclonal Serotherapy Robert C. Bast, Michael R. Zalutskym, Arthur E. Frankel, Robert J. Kreitman
56: Vaccines and Immunostimulants Jeff Schlom, James L. Gulley, Philip M. Arlen, James W. Hodge

SECTION 15: ENDOCRINE THERAPY

57: Estrogens, Antiestrogens and Aromatase Inhibitors Aman U. Buzdar, Shaheenah Dawood, Harold A. Harvey, V. Craig Jordan
58: Androgen Deprivation Strategies In The Treatment Of Advanced Prostate Cancer Samuel R. Denmeade

SECTION 16: GENE THERAPY

59: Cancer Gene Therapy Sunil J. Advani, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, Donald W. Kufe

SECTION 17: BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION

60: Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Roy Jones, Elizabeth Shpall, Richard Champlin

PART V: PRINCIPLES OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT

SECTION 18: PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY

61: Principles of Psycho-Oncology Jimmie C. Holland

SECTION 19: CANCER REHABILITATION MEDICINE

62: Principles of Cancer Rehabilitation Medicine Kristjan T. Ragnarsson

SECTION 20: MULTIDISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT

63: Multidisciplinary Management James F. Holland, Emil Frei III, III, Waun Ki Hong, Donald W. Kufe, Robert C. Bast Jr, Raphael E. Pollock, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, William N. Hait
64: Pregnancy and Cancer Jennifer K. Litton
65: Cancer and Aging Arti Hurria, Hyman B. Muss, Harvey J. Cohen
66: The Role of Integrative Oncology in Cancer Care Lorenzo Cohen, Nancy Russell, Kay Garcia, Moshe Frenkel

SECTION 21: PAIN AND PALLIATION

67: Palliative Care Diane Meier, Cardinale B. Smith, Gabrielle R. Goldberg
68: Management of Cancer Pain Natalie Moryl, Alan Carver

SECTION 22: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

69: Primary Neoplasms of the Central Nervous System in Adults Lisa M. DeAngelis
70: Brain Metastases Lisa M. DeAngelis

SECTION 23: THE EYE

71: Neoplasms of the Eye Amy C. Schefler, David H. Abramsom, Ira J. Dunkel, Beryl McCormick

SECTION 24: ENDOCRINE GLANDS

72: Neoplasms of the Endocrine Glands: Pituitary Neoplasms Kalman D. Post
73: Neoplasms of the Thyroid Steven I. Sherman
74: Neoplasms of the Adrenal Cortex David E. Schteingart
75: Neuroendocrine System and Gastroentero-pancreatic Endocrine System Evan Vosburgh

SECTION 25: HEAD AND NECK

76: Neoplasms of the Head and Neck Michael E. Kupferman, Erich M. Sturgis, David L. Schwartz, Adam Garden, Merrill S. Kies

SECTION 26: THE THORAX

77: Cancer of the Lung Charles Lu, Amir Onn, Ara A. Vaporciyan, Joe Y. Chang, Bonnie S. Glisson, Ritsuko Komaki, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Jack A. Roth, Roy S. Herbst
78: Malignant Mesothelioma Harvey I. Pass, Michele Carbone, Hedy Kindler
79: Thymomas and Thymic Tumors A. Philippe Chahinian
80: Tumors of the Heart and Great Vessels Sarina van der Zee, A. Philippe Chahinian, Valentin Fuster
81: Primary Germ Cell Tumors of the Thorax Anthony F. Greco, John D. Hainsworth

SECTION 27: GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

82: Neoplasms of the Esophagus Stephen G. Swisher, David C. Rice, Jaffer A. Ajani, Ritsuko K. Komaki, Mark K. Ferguson
83: Carcinoma of the Stomach Paul Mansfield, James Yao, Christopher Crane, Takeshi Sano
84A: Treatment of Liver Metastases Nancy E. Kemeny, Micheal D?Angelica
84B: Kemeny Treatment of Liver Metastases Max W. Sung, Swan N. Thung
85: Gallbladder and Bile Duct Cancer Ahmed O. Kaseb, Steven A. Curley, Melanie Thomas
86: Neoplasms of the Exocrine Pancreas Robert A. Wolff, Christopher H. Crane, Donghui Li, Douglas B. Evans
87: Neoplasms of the Small Intestine, Vermiform Appendix, Peritoneum and Carcinoma of the Colon and Rectum James C. Padussis, Georgia M. Beasley, Nicole McMahon, Douglas S. Tyler, Kirk Ludwig
88: Neoplasms of the Anus Bruce Minsky

SECTION 28: GENITOURINARY TRACT

89: Renal Cell Carcinoma Derek Raghavan, Brian I. Rini, Daniel Y.C. Heng, Ming Zhou, Andrew Novick
90: Tumors Of The Renal Pelvis And Ureter Derek Raghavan, Ali-Reza Golshayan, Inderbir Gill, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi
91: Bladder Cancer Derek Raghavan,John Stein, Richard Cote, J. Stephen Jones
92: Neoplasms of the Prostate Christopher Logothetis
93: Tumors of the Penis and Urethra Donald F. Lynch
94: Testis Cancer Christian Kollmansberger, Siamak Daneshmand, Eric Hansen, Christopher L. Corless, Bruce J. Roth, Craig R. Nichols

SECTION 29: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

95: Neoplasms of the Vulva and Vagina Jacob Rotmensch
96: Neoplasms of the Cervix Anuja Jhingran
97: Endometrial Cancer Carmel J. Cohen, Jamal Rahaman
98: Neoplasms of the Fallopian Tube Carmel J. Cohen, Jamal Rahaman
99: Ovarian Cancer Jonathan S. Berek, Robert Bast, Michael L. Friedlander
100: Molar Pregnancy and Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia Ross S. Berkowitz, Donald Goldstein
101: Gynecologic Sarcomas Carmel J. Cohen, Jamal Rahaman

SECTION 30: THE BREAST

102: Neoplasms of the Breast Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Laura Esserman, Thomas A. Buchholz

SECTION 31: THE SKIN

103: Melanoma Patrick Hwu, Jeff Gershenwald, Boris Bastian
104: Other Skin Cancers Arthur Sober, Victor A. Neel

SECTION 32: BONE AND SOFT TISSUE

105: Bone Tumors Tim Damron
106: Soft Tissue Sarcomas Peter Pisters , Brian O?Sullivan, Robert G. Maki

SECTION 33: HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM

107: The Myelodyplastic Syndrome Lewis R. Silverman
108: Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Other Mast Cell Neoplasms Charles A. Schiffer, Richard M. Stone
109: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Magop M. Kantarjian, Jorge Cortes
110: Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Stefan Faderl, Ching-Hon Pui, Susan O?Brien, Hagop M. Kantarjian
111: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Kanti Rai, Matthew Kaufman
112: Hodgkin Disease James O'Armitage, Peter M. Mauch, Lawrence Weiss
113: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Arnold S. Freedman
114: Mycosis Fungoides and the Sezary Syndrome Richard T. Hoppe, Youn H. Kim, Ranjana Advani
115: Plasma Cell Tumors Kenneth C. Anderson, Teru Hideshima, Noopur Raje
116: Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Essential Thrombocythemia, Primary Myelofibrosis and Polycythemia Vera Ayalew Tefferi

SECTION 34: NEOPLASMS IN AIDS

117: Neoplasms in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome David T. Scadden, Jeremy S. Abramson

SECTION 35: UNKNOWN PRIMARY SITE

118: Neoplasms of Unknown Primary Site John D. Hainsworth, F. Anthony Greco

SECTION 36: PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY

119: Principles of Pediatric Oncology Maura O?Leary, Greg Reaman

SECTION 37: COMPLICATIONS OF CANCER AND THEIR TREATMENT

120: Cancer Anorexia and Cachexia Takao Ohnuma
121: Antiemetic Therapy David Ettinger, Aditya Bardia
122: Neurologic Complications Lisa M. DeAngelis
123: Dermatologic Complications of Cancer Chemotherapy Cindy Berthelot, Joy H. Kunishige, Narin Apisarnthanarax, Madeleine M. Duvic
124: Skeletal Complications Samuel Kenan, Jeff Mechanick, Michael Via
125: Hematologic Complications and Blood Bank Support Kenneth C. Anderson, Richard M. Kaufman
126: Coagulopathic Complications of Cancer Patients Jacob H. Rand, Maria DeSancho
127: Urologic Complications Christopher J. Logothetis, Diana M. Hey
128: Cardiac Complications Michael S. Ewer, Steven M. Ewer, Thomas Suter
129: Respiratory Complications Vickie R. Shannon, George A. Eapen, Carlos A. Jimenez, Rodolfo C. Morice, Elizabeth L. Travis,
Lara Bashoura, Amar Safdar, Scott E. Evans, Roberto Adachi, Saadia A. Faiz, Diwakar D. Balachandran, Joseph L. Nates, S. Egbert Pravinkumar, Burton F. Dickey
130: Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Complications in Cancer Patients Robert Bresalier, Marta L. Davila
131: Oral Complications of Cancer and Their Treatment Stephen T. Sonis
132: Gonadal Complications Catherine E. Klein, Peter Kabos
133: Endocrine Complications and Paraneoplastic Syndromes Robert F. Gagel, Sai-Ching, Jim Yeung
134: Treatment -Related Secondary Cancers Susan R. Rheingold, Alfred I. Neugut, Thomas Uldrick, Anna T. Meadows

SECTION 38: INFECTION IN THE CANCER PATIENT

135: Infections in Patients with Cancer Kenneth V.I. Rolston, Gerald P. Bodey

SECTION 39: ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES

136: Oncologic Emergencies S. Jim Yeung, Carmen Escalante

SECTION 40: ONCOLOGY AND INFORMATICS

137: Oncology Informatics Edward P. Ambinder