Evidence-based Urology

The paradigm of evidence based medicine charges clinicians to integrate the current best evidence with an individual patient’s circumstances and preferences to provide the best possible care. Under ideal circumstances, every urologist should have accurate and up-to-date information on the safety and effectiveness of all potential therapeutic options at his fingertips. However, to date, no such dedicated resource of high quality evidence exists for urologists. Instead, urologists face an ever growing flood of published studies of which only a fraction meet the criteria of validity and clinical relevance.

Evidence-based Urology seeks to address this issue by providing a decisive reference source of high quality evidence for the field of urology. The contributors of this publication are individuals with clinical expertise and experience in evidence-based clinical practice. Each chapter will seek to answer one or several focused clinical questions by conducting a systematic search of the medical literature and critically appraising the available evidence for its validity, impact and applicability. In doing so, Evidence-based Urology will become the standard reference for future publications in urology and provide a resource of tremendous value for every practicing urologist.


The dating issue: More than ever, with instant access to knowledge available via the web, the most frequently asked question about any book, and in particular any claiming to be evidence-based is: Surely the book will be out of date before it has been published?


The notion that evidence-based practice is affected as soon as a new trial is published is however mistaken. The reasons for this are:


· Single trial results are very rarely so conclusive as to effect a change in practice by themselves
· Even the most conclusive findings take approximately one year before a decision is made to change guidelines produced by the leading colleges
· Funding issues involve further evaluation by the relevant agencies (NICE, AUA HMOs,) which can take up to 3 years


This book is aimed at using evidence in clinical practice, rather than providing researchers with latest trial results. Its value lies in the synthesised and interpreted results of the latest large trials in major treatment areas. Therefore the content will be current for up to 3 years of publication.


1. Searching for Evidence (Jeanette Buckingham).
2. Clinical Trials in Urology (Charles D. Scales and David Penson).

3. Conduct and Interpretation of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses in Urology (Martha Faraday).

4. Rating the Quality of Evidence and Making Recommendations (Holger Schünemann).

5. Evidence-Based Guidelines in Urology (Susan Norris).

6. Understanding Concepts Related to Health Economics in Urology (Yair Lotan).

7. Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Urological Surgery (Roger Dmochowski and Philipp Dahm).

8. Venous Thromboembolism: Risks and Prophylaxis in Urological Surgery (Melissa R. Kaufman and Roger Dmochowski).

9. Prophylaxis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Adults (S.L. Matheson P. Masson, Angela Webster and Jonathan Craig).

10. Medical Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (John M. Hollingsworth, Elizabeth Soll and John T. Wei).

11. Surgical Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (Rustom Manecksha and John Fitzpatrick).

12. Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (J. Curtis Nickel).

13. Diagnosis and Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis (Quentin Clemens and Ann Oldendorf).

14. Treatment of Premature Ejaculation (Chris McMahon).

15. Management of Erectile Dysfunction (Mathew Sorensen and Hunter Wessells).

16. Male Infertility (Ashok Agarwal, Fnu Deepinder and Edmund Sabanegh).

17. Genitourinary Trauma (Bryan Voelzke and Jack McAninch).

18. Urethral Stricture Disease (Bahaa Malaeb and Sean P. Elliott).

19. Antimuscarinic Treatments in Overactive Bladder (Christopher R. Chapple).

20. Medical Management of Urinary Incontinence in Women (Ryan Hutchinsond, Roger Dmochowski and Harriette Scarpero).

21. Surgical Treatment of Female Urinary Incontinence (Alex Gomelsky and Roger Dmochowski).

22. Medical Management of Stone Disease Timothy Tseng (Glenn M. Preminger).

23. Surgical Management of Renal Stone Disease (Adam C. Mues Bodo, E. Knudsen and Benjamin Canales)

24. Surgical Management of Ureteral Stone Disease (Jay D. Raman and Margaret Pearle).

25. Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer (Amanda Beth Reed, Kristin C. Reed and Dipen J. Parekh).

26. Early Detection and Screening for Prostate Cancer ( Pim Van Leeuwen, Monique Roobol and Fritz Schröder).

27. Surgical Management of Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer (Daniel A. Barocas and Michael Cookson).

28. Surgical Treatment Options for Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer (Lawrence Yeung and Charles J. Rosser).

29. Radiation therapy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer (Michael Myers, Priya Mitra, Mitchell Anscher, Anthony Addesa and Michael Hagan).

30. Metastatic Prostate Cancer (Mike Shelley and Malcolm Mason).

31. Treatment of Superficial Bladder Cancer (Alexander Karl and Badrinath Konety).

32. Treatment of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (Sam S. Chang and James Thomasch).

33. Metastatic Bladder Cancer (Mike Shelley and Malcolm Mason).

34. Treatment of Localized Kidney Cancer (Frédéric Pouliot, Jeffrey C. LaRochelle and Allan J. Pantuck).

35. Treatment of Metastatic Kidney Cancer (Przemyslaw Twardowski and Robert Figlin).

36. Seminoma (Mark Shaw, Peter Chung and Padraig Warde).

37. Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor (Alana Murphy and James M. McKiernan).

38. Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections (John Wiener and Regina Norris).

39. Treatment of Nocturnal Enuresis (Alexander Gomelsky).

40. Treatment of Wilms Tumors (Fernando Ferrer, Michael Ritchey and Puneeta Ramachandra).


Philipp Dahm, MD, MHSc, FACS
Associate Professor
Department of Urology
University of Florida

Roger R. Dmochowski, MD, MHSc, FACS
Professor of Urology
Department of Urology
Vanderbilt University